用m0n0做软件路由


鉴于论坛上网友们对coyote这个软件提出的问题较多，也难以一一作答，所以现在向大家介绍一款更方便、更好用的软件路由：m0n0

m0n0是基于freebsd而开发的软件路由器。由于freebsd有着比linux更高的稳定性、可靠性，所以用m0n0来做软件路由绝对是最好的选择。而且安装配置比coyote更简单，功能更强大。

软件模块：
1、all the required FreeBSD components (kernel, user programs)
2、ipfilter
3、PHP (CGI version)
4、mini_httpd
5、MPD
6、ISC DHCP server
7、ez-ipupdate (for DynDNS updates)
8、Dnsmasq (for the caching DNS forwarder)
9、racoon (for IPsec IKE)
10、UCD-SNMP
11、choparp
12、BPALogin


主要功能：

1、web interface (supports SSL)
2、serial console interface for recovery
3、set LAN IP address
reset password
restore factory defaults
reboot system
4、wireless support (access point with PRISM-II/2.5/3 cards, BSS/IBSS with other cards including Cisco)
5captive portal
6、802.1Q VLAN support
7、stateful packet filtering
8、block/pass rules
9、logging
10、NAT/PAT (including 1:1)
11、DHCP client, PPPoE, PPTP and Telstra BigPond Cable support on the WAN interface
12、IPsec VPN tunnels (IKE; with support for hardware crypto cards and mobile clients)
13、PPTP VPN (with RADIUS server support)
14、static routes
15、DHCP server
16、caching DNS forwarder
17、DynDNS client
18、SNMP agent
19、traffic shaper
20、SVG-based traffic grapher
21、firmware upgrade through the web browser
22、Wake on LAN client
23、configuration backup/restore
24、host/network aliases




目前在m0n0的网站上提供有稳定版本是1.1，此版本基于freebsd4.10,修正以前的很多bug.

在下载页面中，又提供了好几种类型：cf卡启动、从标准的电脑硬盘启动、从光盘启动用软盘来保存配置文件等等。并提供了下载文件。
地址为：
http://www.m0n0.ch/wall/downloads.php

我要谈的就是从硬盘运行的方法。

安装到硬盘上的步骤为：
Installation on a standard PC (CF/IDE version)
Installation on a standard PC requires the following steps:

一、download the raw CF/IDE image (generic-pc)
write the image to a CF card (> 5 MB) or an IDE hard disk, either with dd under FreeBSD or under Windows with my tool, physdiskwrite 0.4 (下载m0n0的硬盘启动映象文件,地址为：
http://m0n0wall.cac.net/download/m0n0wall/generic-pc-1.1.img


同时下载映象文件写入工具physdiskwrite，地址为：
http://www.m0n0.ch/wall/downloads/physdiskwrite-0.5.zip

二、Windows:
(use the -u flag if the target disk is > 800 MB - make very sure you've selected the right disk!!)
physdiskwrite [-u] generic-pc-xxx.img
(you must use v0.3 or later!) (将要做路由器的硬盘接到现有的windows系统电脑中，将映象文件写入硬盘）
三、put the CF card/HD into the target PC (把硬盘安装到目标机器中）
四、plug the PC into the network (LAN/WAN/...) (接好网络设备）
五、power it up
六、assign functions (LAN/WAN/OPT) to your interfaces (hint: use auto-detection, or let the MAC addresses tell you which card is which one)
指定你的网卡，哪一块为内网卡，哪一张为外网卡。可以点击，自动检测或者让mac地址告诉你哪一张分别是内外网卡。
change the LAN IP address, or use the default (192.168.1.1; m0n0wall acts as a DHCP server by default)
access the webGUI (user: 'admin', default password: 'mono')
make the necessary changes to the default configuration


简而言之，就是将下载到的映象文件写到一个6M以上的硬盘上以后，就可以通过http://192.168.1.1进行各项功能设定、管理了。
说明文档：
http://www.m0n0.ch/wall/docbook/